Often when the term “special needs” is mentioned, it brings up images of people with disabilities who require a little extra help. But what does the term “special needs” actually mean in a legal context?
Put simply, special needs is a broader term that encompasses a wide range of conditions, physical, psychological or psychiatric, which require specialized and intensive attention. Such needs may be specific to the individual and may range from relatively minor impairments to serious disability.
The Categories of Special Needs
Generally speaking, special needs can be categorized into three broad categories; physical, mental and social. The characteristics of each category vary greatly and may include difficulty walking, vision impairment, learning disabilities, chronic illnesses, mental health issues, behavioral problems, autism, developmental delays, communication difficulties, and other physical, mental or social impairments.
What’s Involved in Accommodating Special Needs?
Accommodating special needs requires collaboration between the individual, their family, support workers, medical professionals, and educators. This team must develop an individualized plan that meets the unique and ever-changing needs of the individual by providing extra support, resources, and opportunities. This plan must take into consideration the individual’s medical condition, physical abilities, support systems, and any other relevant factors.
On a larger scale, businesses, organizations, and educational institutions have a legal obligation to provide reasonable accommodation for individuals with special needs. This includes making adjustments to existing operating procedures and making reasonable modifications to benefits, salaries, and other programs.
By understanding what special needs mean, even in a legal context, businesses and organizations can be better equipped to provide necessary and appropriate support to individuals with disabilities.