What Is a Field Sobriety Test and How Does It Work?

A field sobriety test (FST) is a standardized test used by law enforcement to determine if a driver is impaired by alcohol or drugs. Through a series of physical and mental challenges, police officers are able to decide whether a driver has been driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs. FSTs are generally used during traffic stops, but can also be utilized during impairment-related investigations by police.

How Does a Field Sobriety Test Work?

FSTs are standardized tests that include a series of physical and mental challenges for the driver, such as standing on one leg, walking and turning, and counting The driver must complete the tests correctly in order for a police officer to determine whether he/she is impaired. Additionally, some states may use an intoxilyzer test, which requires the driver to blow into a breathalyzer to measure the amount of alcohol he/she has consumed.

During the FST process, a police officer is looking for balance, coordination, and attention to detail in the driver’s responses. If any of these areas are lacking, the police officer may deem the driver impaired and can take more steps to determine his/her level of intoxication.

The Importance of Field Sobriety Tests

Field sobriety tests are vital in determining the amount of intoxication of a driver in the event of an accident or impaired driving. FSTs are designed to provide law enforcement with reliable evidence to charge the driver accordingly. Additionally, FSTs are essential in determining if a driver is impaired as a result of drugs, and not just alcohol.

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Field sobriety tests allow law enforcement to make the best decision when it comes to protecting public safety on the roadways. Drivers should be aware of their rights when it comes to FSTs, as it is important to be knowledgeable of all legal steps taken during a traffic stop.

Related Legal Concepts

Field sobriety tests are closely connected to other roadside test procedures used in criminal investigations. Law enforcement may also employ lie detector tests in certain cases, though these have different admissibility standards than field sobriety results. The but-for test becomes relevant in DUI cases when establishing causation between impairment and alleged criminal conduct. Understanding these testing procedures helps clarify how evidence is gathered and evaluated in impaired driving cases.

The Bottom Line

Field sobriety tests serve as standardized tools for law enforcement to assess driver impairment and gather evidence for potential DUI charges. While these tests are widely used and generally accepted in court, drivers should understand that performance can be affected by various factors beyond intoxication, including medical conditions, weather, and nervousness. For guidance specific to your situation, always consult a qualified, licensed attorney.