A peremptory norm, in international law, is a fundamental principle or value that applies to all countries regardless of local rules or customs. It is considered a jus cogens, or “compelling law,” meaning that it has the highest level of legal authority and is non-negotiable. The peremptory norms are meant to codify and reflect universal moral, social, and human rights principles that are accepted globally.
Examples of Peremptory Norms
One example of a peremptory norm is the prohibition of genocide. Cases of genocide, including the holocaust and acts of ethnic cleansing, are considered to be major human rights violations. Universally, it is accepted that genocide must be prevented, with no excuse. This is a peremptory norm rooted in the idea of human rights.
Another example of a peremptory norm is the prohibition of slavery. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights establishes that slavery is a universal wrong, stating that everyone has an inherent right to freedom. Since the adoption of this declaration, in 1948, the practice of slavery has been rejected globally, regardless of country’s legal systems.
Conclusion:
Peremptory norms, or jus cogens, are fundamental legal principles that reflect universal values and are accepted among nations. These norms have the highest legal authority and cannot be compromised. Examples of peremptory norms include prohibitions of genocide and slavery, as well as other violations of human rights.