When it comes to taking a life, premeditation and deliberation are two of the most significant factors when determining a murder sentence. In the most serious of cases, when a killing is deemed to be premeditated, it is referred to as first degree murder.
First degree murder is the most serious of criminal homicide charges, as it implies that the killing was “willfully and deliberately” or with “premeditation and malice aforethought.” This means that the killing was thought out and intentional prior to its execution. It is considered the most serious type of crime in the majority of states, and if convicted, may result in a punishment of life imprisonment or in some cases a sentence of death.
The Legal Elements of First Degree Murder
It is important to note that the definitions and elements of first degree murder vary somewhat between states. Generally, there are three factors that must be proven before a suspect may be charged with such a crime:
- Premeditation: Premeditation can be evidenced by the defendant’s behavior prior to committing the crime, such as threatening the victim or bringing a weapon to the scene. It may also be inferred from the circumstances of the crime, such as the manner of death.
- Death: The killing must actually take place for there to be a first degree murder charge.
- Malice Aforethought: The defendant must have desired to kill, or carry out the act while knowing or not caring that it may result in death. This is often proven with circumstantial evidence such as the defendant having threatened the victim, or testimony from a witness.
Notable Cases of First Degree Murder
One of the most famous cases of first degree murder is that of O.J. Simpson. In 1995, he was charged with first degree murder after the death of his ex-wife, Nicole Brown Simpson, and her friend, Ron Goldman. Following a highly publicized court battle, he was found not guilty.
More recently, in 2018, the Seattle police arrested the man responsible for the murder of 20-year-old college student, Blaze Bernstein. He was charged with first degree murder, which was later reduced to second degree murder.
In all cases of first degree murder, the court must show that the defendant had “willfully and deliberately” or with “premeditation and malice aforethought” committed the crime. The consequences of such a crime are severe and can range from life imprisonment to death.